According to Newton’s second law of motion, net force is mass times acceleration: F net = m a. The direction of a centripetal force is toward the center of curvature, the same as the direction of centripetal acceleration. Any net force causing uniform circular motion is called a centripetal force. Just a few examples are the tension in the rope on a tether ball, the force of Earth’s gravity on the Moon, friction between roller skates and a rink floor, a banked roadway’s force on a car, and forces on the tube of a spinning centrifuge. Any force or combination of forces can cause a centripetal or radial acceleration. This acceleration acts along the radius of the curved path and is thus also referred to as a radial acceleration.Īn acceleration must be produced by a force. Let us calculate the pressure exerted on the bottom by the weight of the fluid.Angular velocity gives the rate at which the object is turning through the curve, in units of rad/s. Its bottom supports the weight of the fluid in it. The difference is that water is much denser than air, about 775 times as dense.Ĭonsider the container in Figure 1. You may notice an air pressure change on an elevator ride that transports you many stories, but you need only dive a meter or so below the surface of a pool to feel a pressure increase. In this case, the pressure being exerted upon you is a result of both the weight of water above you and that of the atmosphere above you. Under water, the pressure exerted on you increases with increasing depth. This pressure is reduced as you climb up in altitude and the weight of air above you decreases. At the Earth’s surface, the air pressure exerted on you is a result of the weight of air above you. If your ears have ever popped on a plane flight or ached during a deep dive in a swimming pool, you have experienced the effect of depth on pressure in a fluid. Calculate density given pressure and altitude.Explain the variation of pressure with depth in a fluid.
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